The Importance Of Roman Clothing In Ancient Roman

Clothing in ancient Rome was so important to the Romans that they specially trained slaves to assist them in putting on their clothes (Roman Dress 3). Not only was it time-consuming and difficult to put on their style of clothing, but the clothes were also often heavy and uncomfortable (McManus 3). In spite of the clothing being troublesome, it was incredibly useful; with one glance, you could see every Roman’s wealth, rank, and personality. Roman clothing was important because it helped others differentiate between the classes as well as showcase people’s personal style. Simply the fabric that Romans clothes were made of could tell you their economic status. Everyone wore a basic tunic, a loose, sleeveless, knee-length sheath,†¦show more content†¦(Roman Dress 7). Commoners wore the cheaper colors included yellow, red, green, and blue (Colors of Roman Clothing 2-4). These dyes were all from various natural sources (Colors of Roman Clothing 1). Wealthier people wore indigo and crimson, which were expensive (Colors of Roman Clothing 3). Indigo had to be imported from India, and crimson was derived from insects (Colors of Roman Clothing 3). Very light colors were also an honor to wear. Some politicians would even go as far as using white chalk on their togas in order to stand out (Roman Dress 4). With all these specifics, a Roman could easily tell how much money someone had based just on the color or type of fabric they were wearing. Another way that clothes allowed Romans to distinguish between rank was which garments that a person wore. Poor women usually only wore one piece of clothing: a tunic (Lewis 1). However, a tunic was considered an undergarment for wealthy women (Lewis 2). The women that could afford more clothes wore a stola over their tunics (Lewis 2). Stolas were flouncy dresses held together at the shoulders by golden rings called fibulae (Lewis 2). Stolas could also be embroidered with nature-inspired images like fruit, leaves, and flowers (Lewis 4). If a woman was extremely wealthy, she wore a palla over her stola (Roman Dress 7). A palla was much like a shawl. If a woman wore a palla, it was considered a privilege andShow MoreRelatedRoman Military Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesTHE ROMAN MILITARY No powerful civilization has ever excised without a well-organized military. The Republic of Rome and Imperial Rome would have no been so influential to civilizations across the globe without a powerful military. Imperial Rome conquered vast lands from Britain to North Africa, from Egypt to Judea with their military which consisted of well discipline soldiers from their generals to the simple foot soldiers. This military was not an armed mob with clubs and spear; theyRead MoreFuneral Of The Roman Empire991 Words   |  4 PagesFunerals in Ancient Rome were as they are in most modern cultures, important. 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Multimodal Essay Topics Help!

Multimodal Essay Topics Help! Combining of unique modes of transportation to produce multimodal transport method results in combining weaknesses of various procedures of transportation, resulting in the growth in the complication of the system that may prove difficult to address. In summary, the idea of multimodal transportation elicits numerous setbacks. For example, sea transportation is preferred for products like fuel products from various continents. Multimodal transportation contributes to a monopoly of the transport market. Trust is something which folks will need to earn since if you're not careful, people that you feel you trust can prove to be not so trustworthy. One reason that children are read fairy tales is as it can teach them lessons about life early on so they can implement them in their lives whenever possible so they can grow up having basic human interaction abilities. People today utilize technology to safeguard themselves from being interactive with ot hers or to just occupy themselves in a situation that is not so intriguing. Most people don't know their learning style. How to Get Started with Multimodal Essay Topics? The essay is going to be written in third individual. Your essay must incorporate a minimum of two images, though it can incorporate more. It will be posted to your section's blog, and a link to it will be submitted to T-Square. You must understand completely that you're not writing a descriptive essay. Mentioning them in your text is inadequate, and therefore you need to elaborate on them. For instance, if you take a look at hers, she breaks this up into sections with headings and includes some images on occasion, too. A read more link will reveal the remainder of the essay. When you've made the second read of the text it's time to locate which is the topic of the text. Sound effects are extremely effective. These four sensory modalities are utilized to establish a person's learning style. Multimodal composition demands attention to rhetorical fundamentals of communication. 2 2 In conclusion, I believe the communications through internet is connected to speech whether it is logical or not. Society appears to have made a huge effect on the significance of a first impression. It is essential that students are conscious of their learning style preference and knowing the ideal approach to study to attain their whole learning potential. Some students overlook this important procedure, and they wind up getting low grades, and therefore don't repeat their mistake. How to Get Started with Multimodal Essay Topics? Make the usage of the suggested research paper topic ideas and you'll be prosperous. In the event the indistinct issues continue to be at large, it is wise to leave this topic be and simply choose another one. When selecting your research paper topic, you have to make certain it is neither boring nor worn out. The entire research should be constructed around or from this issue. Students could be asked to create a transcript on their blog and think about the way other transcripts of blogs are made. If you like science, you're guaranteed to talk non-stop about it. You have to write a minumum of one research paper in a semester for nearly all the subjects. Writing a research paper even though may appear challenging is a considerable portion of normal student life. Rather than using scholarly sources to support the major point, the author uses examples. The objective of the essay is to sway these individuals throughout the use of examples. The coming of the exemplification essay should present the issue. We have made it to the point in our research and writing process that you're ready to start drafting your essay. The questionnaire contains 16 questions with numerous response choices. Individuals who took the survey questions are simple to relate to, as they are based on real-life situations (Rogers, 2009). The answer is most likely never! A description of the last assignment and the rubric used to assess it is going to be on the program site. Begin with retracing each one of your steps because you must remind readers your topic and arguments. VARK analysis tool is able to help you discover the response to that question. To find out more about this assignment, have a look at the lesson plan below. Whispered Multimodal Essay Topics Secrets For that reason, it's imperative to understand how to write a great text analysis as it will be able to help you get much better grades. When you learn to use layout and design to create the words stick out on a page, by way of example, you're learning multimodal composing strategies. This author is the usage of distinct combinations of modes Vark be effective once the learning materials.

Intercultural Business Communication

Question: Discuss about the Intercultural Business Communication. Answer: Introduction Intercultural business communication is a form of organizational communication, where organizations share information across different social groups and different culture. This study will describe the cultural differences of Japan with Australia and New Zealand. Moreover, the study will provide effective communication method for a Japanese businessperson, who is coming out to manage the Australian and New Zealand branch office of his organization. Various intercultural models will also be described in this study. Discussion Hofstede Model defines the cultural differences among different countries. This model can best be used for identifying the differing culture between Australia and Japan. While considering Power Distance Index, Japan has high power index. Social hierarchy is established in the country and less powerful people except the unequal power distribution. On the other hand, Australia has low power index. The country has less social classification and people question about the authority and power distribution. In case of Individualism vs. collectivism, the people in the society or organization of Japan tend to stay together harmoniously. This tendency is also equal in Australia. People in the society and organization of Australia are extremely helping to each other. While considering uncertainty avoidance index, Japan has high index in this context. People in the society or organization of Japan believe in strict code of behavior, laws and guidelines. On the other hand, Australia has lox index in this context and People in the society and organization of Australia are more likely to accept differentiating ideas and thoughts and have fewer regulations. In the context of masculinity vs. femininity, Japan prefers masculine society and women are less likely to get priority. On the other hand, Australia prefers feminine society and women are given equal priority like men. In case of long-term orientation vs. short-term orientation, Japan has low degree in this index and people are restricted within their tradition. On the contrary, Australia has high degree in this context and people believe in views of adaption. They prefer to be circumstantial. While considering indulgence vs. restraint, the people in Japan believe in restrained society and believe that other factors dictate their emotions and life. On the other hand, the people in Australia believe in indulgence society and believe in enjoying life by controlling their own emotions and life. The above model highlights the differences between Japan and Australia. Based on those differences, followings communicative ways will be provided for the Japanese Businessperson in dealing with Australia. The businessperson of Japan should be highly concentrated on the work rather than making reliable relationship with the business partners of Australia. The people of Australia believe more in statistical facts than long relationship (Crossman and Noma 2013). Moreover, the businessperson should always use facts and statistics while discussing any project running in Australia. From the models discussed above, it has been found that Australians believe in simple words in conversation. Therefore, the Japanese businessperson should avoid any metaphor in the conversation while making conversation with the Australians in and outside of the workplace (Yoshida, Yashiro and Suzuki 2013). Too much self-promotional message is highly restricted in Australia. This approach can assumed to be misconstrued as bargaining and demonstrate negative response (Martin and Nakayama 2015). Therefore, the businessperson from Japan should avoid too much self-promotional message while making contract with Australian business partners. Australians like humor in their conversation, as they are outward. Humors seem to be persuasive in all business situation as well as public life of Australia. Therefore, the Japanese businessperson should be open in conversation and use humors in the speech both in and outside of the workplace (Daly et al. 2015). Employees should also be provided with higher value in their workplace. Hofstede model can also be used for indentifying the cultural differences between Japan and New Zealand. In case of power distance index, Japan has high power index. Less powerful people in society and organizations of Japan are likely to accept unequal power distribution. This index is low in New Zealand. Social stratification is there in New Zealand, but people tend to question unequal power distribution. Collectivism Index can be found in Japan and harmonious society and organizational cultural is reflected in Japan. Likewise, New Zealand has also collectivism index. They are helping and friendly to each other but they are not over-friendly. While considering uncertainty avoidance index, Japan has high index and businesspersons as well as normal people tend to rely on strict code of behavior, rules and regulations. On the contrary, New Zealand has low index in this context and they are more open to new set of ideas. Japan has Masculine society and people have high level of heroism and less consideration for women power (Mao and Hale 2015). On the other hand, New Zealand has feminine society and female participation in the work is increasing at greater rate. In case of long-term orientation vs. short-term orientation, Japan has low index and people are highly traditional, whereas, the people of New Zealand have high degree and they are highly circumstantial (Hua and Kramsch 2016). Japanese are restraint and other factors control their emotions and feelings, whereas, the people of New Zealand are indulgence and they have strict control on their own feelings and emotions. The above cultural model demonstrates the differences between Japan and New Zealand. Based on the differences following business communication can be adopted for mixing with people both in and outside of workplace in New Zealand. The people in New Zealand are friendly but they are not over-friendly. Mostly, they remain reserved at the initial stage of conversation with unknown people (Martin and Nakayama 2015). Therefore, the businessperson of Japan should take time in communication and be highly polite in mixing with the New Zealand Culture. Japan is not likely to distribute power to women. However, this practice is not accepted in New Zealand culture. In New Zealand culture, the businessperson of Japan should employ women at the top position of his office. It would demonstrate high value for the culture of New Zealand, which will enhance organizational reputation. The businessperson should take team approach in his New Zealand branch. The people in New Zealand are more comfortable with teamwork (Chvez 2013). Therefore, the initiation of team approach will keep the employees highly communicative with each other. The people in New Zealand are highly focused statistical data for relying on ant fact, which is unknown. They are highly serious on their work and want same loyalty from the person they are dealing with (Mao and Hale 2015). Therefore, the businessperson should demonstrate high level of seriousness and confidence in communicative with the people of New Zealand. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that Australian are highly reliant on statistical data for believing in any business matter. The Japanese businessperson should highly concentrate on work than on making relationship. Moreover, Australians fever simple words in their communication. Therefore, the Japanese businesspersons should avoid any metaphor while communicating with the people in and outside of the workplace in Australia. On the other hand, the Japanese businessperson should be highly polite and take time to communicate with the people in New Zealand. Moreover, the businessperson should use team approach for the branch in New Zealand. Reference List Chvez, K.R., 2013. Pushing boundaries: Queer intercultural communication.Journal of International and Intercultural Communication,6(2), pp.83-95. Crossman, J. and Noma, H., 2013. Sunao as character: Its implications for trust and intercultural communication within subsidiaries of Japanese multinationals in Australia.Journal of business ethics,113(3), pp.543-555. Daly, A., Hoy, S., Hughes, M., Islam, J. and Mak, A.S., 2015. Using group work to develop intercultural skills in the accounting curriculum in Australia.Accounting Education,24(1), pp.27-40. Hua, Z. and Kramsch, C., 2016. Symbolic power and conversational inequality in intercultural communication: An Introduction.Applied Linguistics Review,7(4), pp.375-383. Mao, Y. and Hale, C.L., 2015. Relating Intercultural Communication Sensitivity to Conflict Management Styles, Technology Use, and Organizational Communication Satisfaction in Multinational Organizations in China.Journal of Intercultural Communication Research,44(2), pp.132-150. Martin, J.N. and Nakayama, T.K., 2015. Reconsidering intercultural (communication) competence in the workplace: A dialectical approach.Language and Intercultural Communication,15(1), pp.13-28. Martin, J.N. and Nakayama, T.K., 2015. Reconsidering intercultural (communication) competence in the workplace: A dialectical approach.Language and Intercultural Communication,15(1), pp.13-28. Yoshida, T., Yashiro, K. and Suzuki, Y., 2013. Intercultural communication skills: What Japanese businesses today need.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,37(1), pp.72-85.

Smackey Dog Foods free essay sample

Introduction Smackey Dog Foods, Inc. is a small, private company which specializes in manufacturing and selling natural dog foods. Their new boutique division, Best Boy Gourmet has grown significantly due to recent product demand. The company started small and is operated by sisters Sarah, Kim, and Jillian. Sarah serves as the President and General Manager. Kim is the Production Operation Manager overseeing the inventory, production, and shipment of the dog food with the help of her assistant, Henry. Jillian is in charge of Sales with a team of 12 salesmen in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. The business is based out of their hometown of Chicago. In an attempt to expand the business, Sarah has applied for a loan of $150,000 with a local bank. Currently, Smackey Dog Food Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Smackey Dog Foods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page already has an outstanding loan of $150,000 which is secured by the production equipment that was purchased with the money from the loan. Smackey Dog Food Inc. ’s goal is to secure a second loan that would be secured by the company’s corporate accounts receivable. The bank is requiring a set of audited financial statements before issuing the second loan. Therefore, Smackey Dog Food Inc has contacted my firm, Keller CPAs, to perform the audit. My firm had no prior experience with auditing dog food manufacturers, but we decided to venture out and accept the audit at the end of the year. Assigned to the lead the audit are Pete, Ben and Maureen. Pete is a very experienced auditor that I have worked with on several audits. Ben and Maureen were assigned field auditors to assist myself and Pete. Ben has been with my firm for one year with no prior auditing experience to Keller CPAs. Maureen has 5 years prior experience as an auditor before joining our team. We at Keller CPA have researched and benchmarked the industry to qualify a knowledgeable opinion of our new client, Smackey Dog Food Inc. Discussion Smackey Dog Foods, Inc. is a privately owned company and is not subject to SEC regulations. However, their accounting standards and financial statements must be in conformity with GAAP. During the first stage of the audit, I did research on the dog food industry to better familiarize myself with the risks currently associated with this industry, such as current economic conditions and how they have affected this industry, competition, and the audit procedures that are usually involved in the audit of this type of business. I also developed and presented an engagement letter to Smackey outlining my firm’s fees, the time-line for the audit, and the assistance that will be needed from the staff of Smackey during the audit, and other services that will be performed. Once all the lose ends were tied up with the client, we started performing preliminary analytical procedures which helped us better plan and design the audit and assess risks involving fraud, control, inherent, business and acceptable audit risks. During this process, the following key issues were identified: The Sales Manager, Jillian, is not very familiar with accounting and has started estimating sales in order to get her teams’ sales commissions to them in a more timely manner. These projections are normally off by an average of 11%. The new product line, Best Boy Gourmet, has a short 3 day consumption deadline and, therefore, has a high waste volume. A former employee has a pending lawsuit against the company for wrongful firing. Smackey Dog Food’s largest customer is facing a lawsuit and possible store closures in order to fund the legal fees. They are also unable to pay their invoices within the usual 30 days and Smackey’s accounts receivable are increasing in age. 9% of the company’s accounts receivables are over 61 days old and none have been written off or evaluated for collectibility. There is no formal inventory control system in place and one person, Henry, has full access to the inventory with no checks and balances in place to prevent waste and/or theft. With these issues identified, I knew which areas to focus on while performing tests of controls, substantive tests of transactions, analytical procedures, and test of details of balances. While making observations during field work, Ben and Maureen actually saw an employee take previously thrown away dog food out of a dumpster and place it in Henry’s vehicle. I knew from this incident, that Smackey Dog Foods, Inc had a major weakness in their internal controls with inventory and possibly an outright problem with theft. My team was present at the physical inventory count to help ensure the accuracy of the count and we performed various analytical procedures on he inventory such as comparing the gross margin percentage, the inventory turnover, and unit costs of inventory with those of the previous years. We also ensured that all expired/obsolete inventories was disposed of and not counted as we were aware of an issue that Smackey was having with the handling of returned inventory. In order to confirm the accounts receivable balances, I decided to use positive confirmations since this was my first time auditing the company and the collateral for the loan would be the receivables. The confirmations helped to verify the accuracy and existence of the accounts. I also calculated the Receivables Turnover Ratio in order to better evaluate the overall success of collection on accounts. The sample size that I chose was determined by the factors of tolerable misstatement, inherent risk, control risk, achieved detection risk from other procedures, and the type of confirmation used, negative confirmations require more confirmations. Since such a big emphasis needed to be placed on the Account Receivables and since there was an inherent risk present with the going concern of the major customer, I used a fairly large sample size to conduct my testing. Regarding the pending lawsuit from a former employee, I did research to determine if the employee had a legitimate case by reviewing other lawsuits involving similar circumstances. It is of my opinion that the lawsuit will be unsuccessful, but have disclosed this information in the footnotes of the financial statements. After completing all analytical tests, observing, and making inquiries of the employees of the company, we completed our final report and included all material weaknesses in internal control that may have affected the accuracy of the financial statements. Some recommendations that we made to management were to: Install a warehousing inventory system that will help limit the company’s exposure to waste and theft. Establish a JIT (just-in time) ordering system for raw materials for the Best Boy Gourmet line so that waste will be reduced. Segregate the duties of Henry, the warehouse manager†¦one person should not be in control of both the physical inventory and the accounting for the inventory. Establish criteria for determining a valuation account for A/R and for writing off accounts with an Allowance for Uncollectible Debt. Sales commissions should only be paid when earned and should be based on actual sales figures. Management could further their expertise by enrolling in business, accounting and supervising seminars. Shift duties between the partners so that sales staff are managed by a more hands-on manner and are better monitored for performance. Conclusion In conclusion, it is of the opinion of Keller CPAs that Smackey Dog Foods, Inc. does not have adequate internal controls in place and material misstatements were found in the financial statements due to these internal weaknesses. We do not suspect fraud by management, but have discussed with management the possibility of theft by a certain employee. My firm realizes the responsibility it has to ensure that the bank has accurate financial information when deciding to approve or not approve the second loan to our client. We have taken all steps necessary to identify any misstatements. I have been made aware of some relationships with my staff and employees of the client, but assure that independence was maintained throughout the audit process. We do feel that Smackey Dog Foods, Inc. is a successful company and has great potential if they will implement the changes my firm has suggested. Reference Auditing and Assurance Services: An Integrated Approach, 13th Edition, by Arens, Elder and Beasley.